The PCB industry faces significant challenges due to high competition, where the market is saturated with numerous manufacturers, making it difficult for individual companies to differentiate themselves. Customers often have highly specific requirements, including various specifications, customization options, and stringent quality standards, adding to the complexity. Continuous advancements in technology necessitate that manufacturers frequently update their processes and offerings, which can be both costly and challenging to keep up with. Supply chain issues further complicate the landscape, as fluctuations in the availability of raw materials and components can disrupt production schedules and affect delivery timelines. Additionally, manufacturers face pressure to reduce costs while maintaining high-quality standards, which can strain profitability. Regulatory compliance adds another layer of complexity, as adhering to international and domestic regulations demands significant resources and effort.